Dusan Vlahovic netted a sensational free-kick to give Juve the lead after just two minutes.
Manuel Locatelli fired in a first-time effort from 20 yards but it was ruled out by the video assistant referee for a Vlahovic handball.
Abraham scored his first goal of the season with a powerful header from Paulo Dybala's ball across the box.
Former Chelsea striker Abraham is now the joint third top English goalscorer in Serie A history, level with Trevor Francis on 18 goals. Gerald Hitchens scored 59 and David Platt 31.
Jose Mourinho's Roma are on seven points from three games, with Juventus on five.
Champions AC Milan are top of the table after Rafael Leao and Olivier Giroud scored in a 2-0 win over Bologna.
